---
title: Net Zero Obligations in FIDIC Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) Contracts
excerpt: 
date: 2024-03-27T14:17:34Z
modified: 2025-07-23T11:26:22Z
file_type: md
permalink: clauses/net-zero-obligations-in-fidic-engineering-procurement-and-construction-epc-contracts.html
wpid: 2219
status: publish
type: clause
jurisdiction:
  - England &amp; Wales
maintenance-status:
  - Not maintained
practice-area:
  - Construction
sector:
  - Construction and infrastructure
eleventyComputed:
  clause_child_name: "Olivia's Clause"
  clause_summary: Clauses to include in the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) form of Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contracts, obliging the contractor (and any subcontractors) to act sustainably in carrying out the works.
  clause_last_updated_date: 2022-05-10
layout: layouts/clause.njk
---

# Net Zero Obligations in FIDIC Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) Contracts

## Child’s name

Olivia's Clause

## Summary

Clauses to include in the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) form of Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contracts, obliging the contractor (and any subcontractors) to act sustainably in carrying out the works.

## What this clause does

The clause sets targets for contractors and subcontractors to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Scope 3 emissions often account for the biggest chunk of an organisation’s total inventory.

## Clause Content

*\[Drafting note: capitalised terms relate to either a defined term in this clause or a defined term in the main agreement that this clause is designed to be inserted into.\]*

**\[4.25\]**  **Climate obligations**

\[4.25.1\] The Contractor shall:

(a) measure and calculate its Projected Total Emissions and Actual Total Emissions for each Emissions Reporting Period in accordance with the GHG Protocol;

(b) engage an independent consultant appropriately qualified to provide climate impact assessment and emissions reporting services to verify the calculations in \[4.25.1\](a);

(c) provide an Annual Emissions Report to the \[Employer\] no later than \[30 (thirty) \] Business Days after the end of each Emissions Reporting Period;

(d) Offset its Residual Emissions relating to performance of this Agreement \[for each financial year OR Emissions Reporting Period\] within \[60 (sixty)\] days of the end of such \[financial year OR Emissions Reporting Period\];

(e) develop the Contract Target Plan within \[●\] of signing this Agreement and implement the Contract Target Plan by the Contract Target Date; and

(f) take all reasonable steps to reach its Net Zero Target.

\[4.25.2\] Unless the \[Employer\] otherwise consents, the Contractor will only enter into a Subcontract:

(a) with a Subcontractor who has set a Net Zero Target and specified a Contract Target; and

(b) that includes a copy of this clause \[4.25\] and its related definitions.

\[*Drafting note: this may need adjusting depending on the size and capability of subcontractors, as it may place an unfair burden on those lacking the resources to meet the reporting requirements. However, to appropriately set a Contract Target and for the Scope 3 Emissions of the entire chain to be properly assessed, this is necessary. This could be supported by providing funding to subcontractors (that is, by extending the Employer Assistance clause) in order to decarbonise the supply chain*.\]

\[4.25.3\] If in any Emissions Reporting Period the Actual Total Emissions for that Emissions Reporting Period exceed the \[Projected Total Emissions for that Emissions Reporting Period or Actual Total Emissions of the previous Emissions Reporting Period\]\* by more than \[●\] percent, the Contract Price payable to the Contractor or Subcontractor (as applicable) shall be reduced by \[●\] percent\*\* per \[*specify unit*\] of CO2e that the Actual Total Emissions exceed the Projected Total Emissions up to \[*insert cap equalling the premium portion of the contract*\].

\* \[*Drafting note: the first bracketed drafting option may be a disincentive to setting ambitious targets by encouraging the Contractor to overestimate their projected emissions, unless the Employer also evaluates the Projected Total Emissions value and provides a benefit for an ambitious value. A disincentive for exceeding the previous period's Actual Total Emissions may be preferable, since it encourages a reduction in emissions.*\]

\*\* \[*Drafting note: the disincentive should be proportionate to the failure, otherwise once the Contractor knows that it will not meet its targets it has no incentive to minimise such failure. This disincentive could be adjustable depending on the proportion of exceeded emissions (as in* [*Ming’s Clause*](https://chancerylaneproject.org/model-clauses/target-product-carbon-footprint-schedule-for-consumer-goods-contracts/)*) or a fixed figure payable to an environmental charity (as in* [*Jessica’s Clause*](https://chancerylaneproject.org/model-clauses/carbon-performance-clauses/) *or* [*Owen’s Clause*](https://chancerylaneproject.org/model-clauses/net-zero-target-supply-chain-cascade/)*). In relation to subcontracts, consider whether the reduction should be deducted per subcontractor or varied according to the value of the relevant Subcontract.*\]

\[4.25.4 If the Contractor or Subcontractor (as applicable) fails to meet \[any of its other obligations under this clause \[4.25\]\]:

\[*Insert specific obligations that should attract a penalty for breach*\]

\[*Insert disincentive or a list of disincentives applicable to different obligations*\].\]

\[*Drafting note: if including this bracketed clause \[4.25.4\], disincentives should only be applicable to breach of those clauses that create sufficiently clear obligations so that what constitutes a breach is clear. For example, the achievement of the obligation to “take all reasonable steps to reach the Net Zero Target” would not be easy to objectively determine and implementing the Contract Plan may be similarly difficult to measure.*\]

\[●\] **Employer assistance with climate obligations**

The \[Employer\] shall take reasonable steps to procure that the Contractor or Subcontractor (as applicable) is provided with appropriate training and/or resources\* to enable it to meet its obligations under Clause \[4.25\].

\* \[*Drafting note: as explained above, this may need expanding to cover financial assistance to enable reporting by subcontractors.*\]
