---
name: forms-1-12-completeness-verification
title: Form-Specific Checklists
description: Use when pre-flighting Ontario expropriation Forms 1-12 under O.Reg. 363/90 before service or filing — verifying statutory authority citations on Form 2, compensation breakdown completeness on Form 6, 30-day notice math on Form 7, dual-signing-officer compliance, or affidavit-of-service adequacy. Catch defects before they trigger procedural challenges.
author: reggiechan74
author_url: https://github.com/reggiechan74/vp-real-estate/tree/main/plugins/expropriation-law/skills/forms-1-12-completeness-verification
license: Apache-2.0
version: 0.1.0
execution_mode: open
jurisdiction: ca
practice: real-estate
language: en
---

## Form-Specific Checklists

Detailed verification requirements for commonly-used expropriation forms.

### Form 2 (Notice of Application for Approval to Expropriate)

**Checklist**:

**1. Statutory authority citation**:
- [ ] Enabling legislation cited (e.g., "Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, s.11")
- [ ] Specific section authorizing expropriation identified
- [ ] Authority name correct ("City of Toronto" not "Toronto" or "City")

**2. Legal description accuracy**:
- [ ] Matches registered deed or survey
- [ ] Includes: Lot, Concession, Plan number, Registry Division
- [ ] Consistent with attached plan (if plan attached)
- [ ] No typos in property identifiers (e.g., "Lot 10" not "Lot 1O")

**3. Purpose statement clarity**:
- [ ] Public work described in detail ("construction of 4-lane arterial road" not "road project")
- [ ] Purpose aligns with statutory authority (e.g., Municipal Act allows road construction)
- [ ] Not vague or overly broad

**4. Service requirements**:
- [ ] Served on registered owner(s) - all co-owners if multiple
- [ ] Service method complies with s.11 Expropriations Act (personal service or registered mail)
- [ ] Proof of service filed (affidavit or registered mail receipt)
- [ ] Service date documented (critical for timeline tracking)

**5. Dual signing officers** (municipal expropriations):
- [ ] Two officers signed (e.g., Mayor + Clerk, or CAO + Clerk per municipal by-law)
- [ ] Signatures original (not photocopied or stamped)
- [ ] Signing officers have authority per municipal by-law
- [ ] Date of signing recorded

**Example defect**:
- **Form 2 submitted**: Statutory authority cited as "Municipal Act, 2001"
- **Defect**: Missing section number (should be "Municipal Act, 2001, s.11")
- **Risk**: Approving authority may reject application for insufficient statutory authority citation
- **Correction**: Amend Form 2 to add section number, re-serve on owner (resets timeline)

### Form 6 (Offer to Purchase / Certificate of Approval on Expropriation Plan)

**Checklist**:

**1. Compensation calculation basis**:
- [ ] Appraisal attached or available (documented market value determination)
- [ ] Appraisal date within 6 months of offer (recent valuation)
- [ ] Appraiser credentials documented (AACI designation)

**2. Components breakdown**:
- [ ] Market value stated (s.13 Expropriations Act)
- [ ] Disturbance damages itemized (s.18(1)):
  - [ ] Moving costs
  - [ ] Legal fees
  - [ ] Appraisal fees
  - [ ] Business losses (if applicable)
- [ ] Severance damages quantified (s.18(2)(b), if partial taking)
- [ ] Injurious affection identified (s.18(2)(a) or (b), if applicable)
- [ ] Total compensation calculated correctly (sum of components)

**3. Payment timing**:
- [ ] Payment deadline stated ("within 30 days of acceptance")
- [ ] Payment method described (certified cheque, direct deposit, trust account)
- [ ] Interest provisions if payment delayed (s.20 Expropriations Act, prime + 2%)

**4. Acceptance deadline**:
- [ ] Reasonable period given (30-60 days typical)
- [ ] Deadline date clearly stated ("Accept by June 15, 2025")
- [ ] Consequences of non-acceptance explained ("If not accepted, referred to OLT")

**Example defect**:
- **Form 6 submitted**: Total compensation $450,000, no breakdown
- **Defect**: No itemization of market value vs. disturbance vs. severance
- **Risk**: Owner cannot evaluate offer (what is being compensated?), may challenge as non-compliant with s.14 Expropriations Act
- **Correction**: Amend Form 6 with breakdown:
  - Market value: $400,000 (appraisal attached)
  - Disturbance: $25,000 (moving $8K, legal $4K, appraisal $3K, inconvenience $10K)
  - Severance: $25,000 (loss of access, remainder parcel shape irregularity)
  - **Total**: $450,000

### Form 7 (Notice of Expropriation)

**Checklist**:

**1. Minimum 30-day notice period**:
- [ ] Possession date ≥30 days from service date (s.11(1) Expropriations Act)
- [ ] Calculation accounts for service method (registered mail +5 days delivery)
- [ ] No weekends/holidays counted as service date (business days)

**2. Compensation offered/paid confirmation**:
- [ ] States compensation amount offered ("$450,000 as per Form 6 dated May 1, 2025")
- [ ] Confirms payment made (if paid before Form 7: "Compensation of $450,000 paid June 1, 2025 by certified cheque #12345")
- [ ] Or confirms offer stands ("Offer of $450,000 remains open for acceptance")

**3. Possession date clarity**:
- [ ] Specific date stated ("July 15, 2025" not "30 days from service")
- [ ] Possession date aligns with project schedule (authority can actually take possession on that date)
- [ ] Possession date after plan registration (cannot possess before plan registered)

**Example defect**:
- **Form 7 submitted**: "Possession required on July 1, 2025"
- **Service date**: June 25, 2025 (registered mail)
- **Delivery date**: June 30, 2025 (confirmed by tracking)
- **Defect**: Only **1 day** between delivery and possession (s.11 requires 30 days)
- **Risk**: Possession void, owner can refuse entry, authority must re-serve with corrected date
- **Correction**: Amend possession date to **July 30, 2025** (30 days from June 30 delivery), re-serve Form 7

## Common Defects Database

Systematic tracking of frequent errors to prevent recurrence.

### Missing Statutory Authority Citations

**Defect**: Form cites "Municipal Act" without specific section or subsection.

**Example**:
- **Form 1 (Application for Approval)**: "Authority to expropriate: Municipal Act, 2001"
- **Problem**: Municipal Act has multiple sections authorizing expropriation for different purposes (s.8 general welfare, s.9 utilities, s.11 infrastructure)
- **Correction**: "Authority to expropriate: Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, s.11 (construction of highways and related works)"

**Prevention**:
- Template Forms 1-12 with statutory citations pre-filled
- Legal review before first use (verify citations current and accurate)
- Annual review (legislation changes - update citations)

### Inconsistent Legal Descriptions

**Defect**: Legal description in Form 2 differs from legal description in registered plan or Form 7.

**Example**:
- **Form 2**: "Lot 5, Plan 123, City of Toronto"
- **Registered Plan**: "Lot 5, Registered Plan 123, Land Registry Office for Toronto (No. 66)"
- **Inconsistency**: Missing plan type ("Registered Plan" vs "Plan"), missing LRO number
- **Risk**: Registry office rejects plan, challenges to validity of expropriation

**Correction**:
- Obtain legal description from registered deed or current survey
- Use identical wording in all forms
- Have surveyor verify description before plan preparation

**Prevention**:
- Create legal description template from registered deed (copy-paste, don't retype)
- Cross-check all forms against template before filing

### Inadequate Service Proof

**Defect**: No proof of service filed, or incomplete affidavit.

**Example**:
- **Form 2 served**: Affidavit states "Served on John Smith on May 1, 2025"
- **Problem**: No address, no method of service (personal or registered mail?), no time
- **Risk**: Owner challenges service as defective, may void expropriation

**Complete affidavit should state**:
> "I, Jane Doe, process server, make oath and say:
> 1. On May 1, 2025 at 10:30 AM, I attended at 123 Main Street, Toronto, Ontario.
> 2. I personally served John Smith by handing him a copy of Form 2 (Notice of Application for Approval to Expropriate) dated April 25, 2025.
> 3. I identified Mr. Smith by asking his name, and he confirmed he is the registered owner of the property.
> 4. Attached as Exhibit 'A' is a copy of the Form 2 served.
> 5. Sworn before me at Toronto this 1st day of May, 2025."

**Prevention**:
- Use professional process servers (trained in proper service)
- Provide affidavit template to process servers
- Review all affidavits before filing

### Incomplete Compensation Breakdowns

**Defect**: Form 6 states total compensation without itemization.

**Example**:
- **Form 6**: "Total compensation: $500,000"
- **Problem**: Owner cannot determine if disturbance damages included, what is market value vs. severance
- **Risk**: Owner challenges as non-compliant with s.14 (authority must offer compensation for all heads of entitlement)

**Correction**:
- **Market value** (s.13): $420,000 (appraisal by Jane Appraiser, AACI, dated May 1, 2025 - attached)
- **Disturbance damages** (s.18(1)): $30,000
  - Moving costs: $8,000
  - Legal fees: $5,000
  - Appraisal fees: $4,000
  - Inconvenience allowance: $13,000
- **Severance damages** (s.18(2)(b)): $50,000 (access loss to remainder parcel, quantified in appraisal)
- **Total compensation**: **$500,000**

**Prevention**:
- Require appraisers to itemize all components in appraisal report
- Template Form 6 with component fields (enforce completion)
- Legal review before serving Form 6

### Signature Irregularities

**Defect**: Only one officer signs municipal expropriation form (municipal by-laws typically require two).

**Example**:
- **Form 2 signed**: Mayor only (Clerk signature missing)
- **By-law requirement**: "All expropriation documents shall be signed by the Mayor and the Clerk"
- **Risk**: Form void, expropriation invalid (not properly authorized)

**Correction**:
- Obtain second signature (Clerk)
- If original signatory no longer available (e.g., Mayor retired), obtain by-law authorizing single signature or successor signature

**Prevention**:
- Signature matrix (document which officers must sign which forms)
- Signature checklist before filing forms
- Train staff on by-law requirements
